Journal of Literary Criticism

Journal of Literary Criticism

The Impact of Conceptual Metaphors on the Narretive Structure of Old and New Prose Texts

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
korosh askari
hayat ameri
setare majidi
maryam eraji
theran
Abstract
Metaphors provide a new understanding of experiences and give new meaning to human beings, and metaphor is an important tool for conveying human beliefs and practices. Thus, the application of this theory to cognitive stylistics and the analysis of literary texts or collections of one's writings can be useful in determining one's mental style and minutes of stylistic understanding.
The purpose of this study is to investigate and achieve a similar pattern in the classification of metaphors used in past and present texts. To this end, we examine the conceptual metaphors used in the two types of Persian prose in the books of Dar al-Majanin and Kimiyah Sa'adat, while looking at the origin of both books and considering the differences between the two.

Of the 118 metaphors examined in the book of Kimiya Sa'adat and the 98 metaphors in the book of Dar al-Maghanin are the statistics obtained as follows:
The Book of Kimia Happiness: Structural Metaphor 24- Ontological Metaphor88- Directional Metaphor 8
Dar al-Maghanin's Book: Structural Metaphor 25- Ontological Metaphor57- Directional Metaphor 5
The most commonly used metaphor frequencies in both books were ontological metaphors, which had about 74.5 and 58.1%, respectively, and the least frequent ones were directional metaphors, which were 6.8% and 5.1%, respectively.
Keywords
Key words: Conceptual metaphor
cognitive stylistics
ontological metaphor
structural metaphor
directional metaphor
Chamizo Dominguez, P. (1998). Metaforay conocimiento. Malaga: Analecta Malactiana, Anejo XVI.
Croft, W., & Cruse, D. A. (2004). Cognitive linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gibbs, R. W., & Steen Gerard, J. (eds.) (1997). Metaphor in cognitive linguistics. Selscted Papers from the Fifth International Cognativelinguistics Conference Amsterdam.
Golfam, A. (2002). Cognetive linguistic and metaphor. Newly Cognitive Science Magazine, 3(12), 59-64.
Kittay, E. F. (1987). Metaphor: its cognitive force and linguistic structure. NY: Oxford University Press.
Kovecses, Z. (2010a). Metaphor and culture, philological, 2(2), 197-220.  
ــــــــــــــــ (2010b). Metaphor a practical introduction. Newyork: Oxford University Press.
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphor we live by. US: University of Chicago Press.
Pour Namdariyan, T. (2013). Look at image creation on Marzban Name (in Farsi). The Eighth International Conference of Persian language and literature in Iran.
Ravanwich, A. (2012). Language and cognition (translated into Farsi by Habib Allah Ghasem Zade). Tehran: Arjmand press.
Sadri, N. (2006). Survey of metaphor in Persian literature from cognitive linguisticʼs attitude. Master of Science Thesis. Literature and Foreign Language Faculty. Tehran: Alame Tabatabaei University.
Saeed, J. (2008). Semantics. Wiley-Blackwell.
Safavi, K. (2003). Survey on semantic (in Farsi). Tehran: Islamic Art and Culture Institute.
Taj, M. (2001). Usage of metaphor for wordcolour in persian. General Linguistic Master of Science Thesis (In Farsi). Tehran: Eslamic Azad University.
Uribe, L. A. F. (2006). La metáfora como proceso cognitive. Formayfunción, 19, 47-56. Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, D.C.
Yu, N. (1998). Spatial conceptualization of time in chinese. Cultural, Psychological and Typological Issues in Cognitive Linguistics.
Journal of Literary Criticism
Volume 5, Issue 9
March 2021
Pages 306-281

  • Receive Date 09 February 2020
  • Revise Date 14 June 2020
  • Accept Date 21 June 2020