Journal of Literary Criticism

Journal of Literary Criticism

A Study of Representation of Postmodern Components in the Narration of Lady Azadeh and Her Author: A Literary Discourse Analysis Approach

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Fatemeh Fouladi 1
Ferdows Aghagolzadeh 2
Arsalan Golfam 3
Hayat Ameri 3
1 Ph.D. of General Linguistics, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Linguistics Department, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Linguistics Department, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/jlc.2025.495844.1698
Abstract
Narration is the expression of human experiences in order to make meaning. Narrative mode has a very important role in absorbing addressees. This essay studies linguistically the narrative mode of Lady Azadeh and Her Author by Reza Baraheni in order to show how postmodern components are represented in this work. Studying this novel according to Simpson’s narrative analysis model 2004 shows that non-Persian sentences of this novel represent social and cultural situation of the main character. Material and relational processes have been used more than the other processes. Most parts of this work have been narrated in third-person reflector and from the viewpoint of different characters. Negative shading is dominant in this narration and free direct speech is found more than the other types of speech and thought presentation. This novel includes a lot of intertextual relations in different fields. But nonlinear textual structure of this narration is not analyzable through Simpson’s model. Additionally, incoherence and uncertainty in this postmodern novel are represented through non-Persian parts, different narrators with various narrations, negative shading, words of estrangement, quoting characters’ speech in free direct form without reporting clause, anachronisms and numerous intertextualities.
Keywords
Lady Azadeh and Her Author
postmodern novel
Simpson
Narratology
Subjects
Abrams, M. H., & Harpham, G. G. (2005). A Glossary of Literary Terms (8th ed.). Australia, Canada, Mexico, Singapore, Spain, United Kingdom and United States: Thomson Wadsworth. Aghagolzadeh, F., & Pourebrahim, Sh. (2008). Linguistic Study of Point of View in the Story The First Day in the Tomb by Sadegh Choubak according to Simpson's Model. Literary Criticism, 3(1), 7-28. (in Persian) Akalin, S. (2015). The Discourse in Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf and Foreign Language Teaching: The Decline of Language Learner Anxiety by the Usage of Hedges, Particular Modals and Adverbs as in the Usage of These Structures in Mrs. Dalloway for a Specific Purpose. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 174, 3049-3054. Baraheni, R. (2002). Azadeh Kanom and Her Writer (Second Edition) or Dr. Sharifie's Private Auschwitz (2nd ed.). Tehran: Karevan. (in Persian) Johnstone, B. (2008). Discourse Analysis (2nd ed.). Malden, Oxford and Victoria: Blackwell Publishing. Khademi Koulayi, M., & Mollazadeh Gh. H. (2013). The Study of the Novel Hiss According to Ontological Components of Postmodernism. Quarterly of Research in Persian Language and Literature, 29(11), 201-226. (in Persian) Kristeva, J. (1980). Desire in Language: A Semiotic Approach to Literature and Art. New York: Columbia University Press. Pariña, J. C. M., & de Leon K. D. (2014). A Stylistic Analysis of the Use of Modality to Identify the Point of View in a Short Story. The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 20(2), 91-100. Paseban Vatan, S., & Heidari, F. (2022). Narratology of Symphony of the Dead by Abbas Ma'roufi according to Simpson's Theory. Journal of Interpretation and Analysis of Texts of Persian Language and Literature (Dehkhoda), 54(14), 51-73. (in Persian) Payandeh, H., (2007). What Is a Postmodern Novel? (The Study of the Narrative Modes of the Novel Azadeh Kanom and Her Writer). Quarterly of Literary Studies, 2, 11-47. (in Persian) Shafi'niya, M., Shohani, A. R., & Jahani, M. T. (2018). The End of Certainty; Poetics of Uncertainty in the Postmodern Novel Meanness. Quarterly of Literary Researches, 61(15), 75-106. (in Persian) Simpson, P. (2004). Stylistics, A Resource Book for Students. London and New York: Routledge. Todorov, T. (1998). Dialogism of Mikhail Bakhtin. Trans. By Karimi, D. Tehran: Markaz Publishing. (in Persian) Toolan, M. J. (2001). Narrative, a critical linguistic introduction (2nd ed.). London and New York: Routledge.
Journal of Literary Criticism
Volume 10, Issue 19
April 2026
Pages 421-379

  • Receive Date 30 December 2024
  • Revise Date 16 March 2025
  • Accept Date 22 April 2025